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Cribrimorph and Other Cauloramphus Species (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) from the Northwestern Pacific

机译:西北太平洋的cribrimorph和其他Cauloramphus物种(Bryozoa:Cheilostomata)

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摘要

We provide original descriptions for nine new species in the cheilostome bryozoan genus Cauloramphus (C. gracilis, C. Ordinarius, C. amphidisjunctus, C. cheliferoides, C. oshurkovi, C. infensus, C. parvus, C. peltatus, and C. ascofer) and a redescription of C. disjunctus Canu and Bassler, 1929. We delineate a group of eight species, here termed the ‘C. disjunctus clade,’ that have the opesial spine joints calcified to a greater or lesser extent in mature zooids; most also have paired, hypertrophied avicularia. This group includes C. amphidisjunctus, C. cheliferoides, C. infensus, C. parvus, C. peltatus, and C. ascofer in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska; C. oshurkovi in the Commander Islands; and C. disjunctus in Japan. High levels of apparent endemism in two unrelated bryozoan genera (Cauloramphus and Monoporella), and geographical population differentiation in C. ascofer indicating ongoing allopatric speciation, suggest high speciation rates for deep benthic bryozoans in the western Aleutians. A phylogenetic hypothesis for the C. disjunctus clade indicates that populations of Cauloramphus dispersed between the Aleutians and Asia on at least three separate occasions, and that the polarity of at least two of these dispersal events was from the Aleutians to Asia.
机译:我们提供了Cheilostome bryozoan属Cauloramphus属中的9个新物种的原始描述(C. gracilis,C.Ordinarius,C.amphidisjunctus,C。cheliferoides,C.oshurkovi,C。infensus,C。parvus,C。peltatus和C. ascofer)和Canus and Bassler的C. disjunctus Canu and Bassler的重新命名,1929年。我们划定了8个物种的集合,这里称为C。分离枝”,在成熟的动物类动物中,或多或少钙化了脊椎关节;大多数也有成对的肥大的非球虫。该组包括阿拉斯加阿留申群岛的两栖梭状芽胞杆菌,化学成虫梭状芽孢杆菌,不育梭状芽胞杆菌,细小梭状芽胞杆菌,peltatus梭状芽胞杆菌和ascofer梭状芽胞杆菌。指挥官群岛中的C. oshurkovi;和日本的C. disjunctus。两个无关的苔藓动物属(Cauloramphus和Monoporella)中明显的地方特有水平高,而阿科弗角藻的地理种群分化表明正在进行的异源物种形成,表明阿留申群岛西部深层底栖苔藓动物的物种形成率很高。梭状芽胞杆菌进化枝的系统发育假说表明,Cauloramphus种群至少在三个不同的时间分散在阿留申人和亚洲之间,而这些散布事件中至少两个的极性是从阿留申人到亚洲。

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